Slide 1: By: Noddy
Conditionals : Conditionals The conditionals are =
used to=20
talk about possible or imaginary situations. A "Condition" is a =
"situation or=20
circumstance". For example: If a certain condition is true, then a =
particular=20
result happens. Conditionals are divided into four main types: Zero =
conditional=20
First conditional Second conditional Third conditional
Zero Conditional: certainty : Zero Conditional: =
certainty=20
The zero conditional is used to: State general truths State scientific =
facts=20
E.g.: Wood doesn't burn if there is no air. The zero conditional =
consists of two=20
parts: The =E2=80=9Cmain clause=E2=80=9D Subject + simple present form =
of the verb The =E2=80=9Cif=20
clause=E2=80=9D If + subject + simple present form of the verb =
Slide 4: You can construct a sentence by either =
putting the=20
=E2=80=9Cif clause=E2=80=9D first and the =E2=80=9Cmain clause=E2=80=9D =
second, or you can reverse them E.g if=20
you exert enough pressure on a piece of wood, it breaks. A piece of wood =
breaks=20
if you exert enough pressure on it.
Zero conditional examples: : Zero conditional =
examples: If I=20
miss the 7 o=E2=80=99clock bus, I am late for Office. If I am late for =
class, my miss=20
gets angry. If you cool water to 0C, it freezes. Unless you need more =
space, a=20
small car is big enough for one person.
ExerciseComplete the sentence=E2=80=A6 : =
ExerciseComplete the=20
sentence=E2=80=A6 If you =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6., pick me up on the way. If =
you =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 all your works, go home=20
early. When I =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6.. on the phone, =
please don=E2=80=99t make so much noise. If it =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=20
take a taxi.
ExerciseComplete the sentence=E2=80=A6 : =
ExerciseComplete the=20
sentence=E2=80=A6 If you are going, pick me up on the way. If you have =
finished all your=20
works, go home early. When I am speaking on the phone, please =
don=E2=80=99t make so much=20
noise. If it is raining take a taxi.
First Conditional: real possibility : First =
Conditional:=20
real possibility Talks about the future. There is a real possibility =
that this=20
condition will happen. Have two clause or phrase If clause: gives the =
condition=20
and has a verb in simple present tense. Main clause: gives the result =
and has=20
the verb in future. The two ways to make the future are: Will Be going =
to=20
If it rains I will stay at home. : If it rains I =
will stay=20
at home. In this type of sentences=E2=80=A6. Put the verb in present =
tense after IF Put=20
the other word in Future tense Which clauses give the condition? If it =
rains=20
Which condition gives the result of the condition? I will stay at home.=20
First conditional examples: : First conditional =
examples: If=20
you study hard, you will pass the test. You will pass the test if you =
study=20
hard. Mariyam will be sad if Fira leaves. If it stops raining, we'll go =
to the=20
park. If my mom doesn't come to visit me this term, I=E2=80=99ll be very =
sad.
Exercisecomplete the =
sentence=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. : Exercisecomplete the=20
sentence=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. If =
you=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6...to the supermarket, will you get some =
milk, please? If=20
Inax=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 a cigarette, he=E2=80=99ll be =
standing outside. I=E2=80=99ll do it again if you=20
........ happy with it. If she =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6.rude, I won=E2=80=99t invite her to =
the party.=20
Exercisecomplete the =
sentence=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. : Exercisecomplete the=20
sentence=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. If you go to the supermarket, will =
you get some milk, please? If=20
Inax is having a cigarette, he=E2=80=99ll be standing outside. =
I=E2=80=99ll do it again if you=20
aren=E2=80=99t happy with it. If she is going to be rude, I =
won=E2=80=99t invite her to the=20
party.
Second Conditional: unreal possibility or dream : =
Second=20
Conditional: unreal possibility or dream Second Conditional is used to =
talk=20
about 'impossible' or unreal possibility. E.g. If there were no hungry =
people in=20
this world, it would be a much better place. the form 'If I were you' =
which is=20
often used to give advice. the 'If clause' can contain the past simple =
or the=20
past continuous. After the IF, use simple past tense. In other clause, =
use would=20
+ the verb. E.g. Speaking in English would be easier if you practiced =
more=20
frequently.
Slide 14: When you imagine a future happening like =
this, you=20
use a past tense form after IF; If I got million dollar, I would buy a =
new=20
house. The meaning here is NOT past tense . . . I didn=E2=80=99t got =
million dollar and=20
I didn=E2=80=99t buy a new house. I=E2=80=99m imagining a future =
possibility.
Second conditional examples: : Second conditional =
examples:=20
The World would be (be) a better place if everyone helped (help) others. =
Mariyam=20
would do (do) better in exam if she worked (work) hard. I would be (be) =
happy if=20
I married (marry) Mary.
Exercise=E2=80=A6 : Exercise=E2=80=A6 What would =
you do if it =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 next July?=20
If I=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 his number, I would give him a call. If =
there =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. less cars on the road,=20
there would be less pollution. If I =E2=80=A6.. more spare time, I would =
join the=20
football team. If we =E2=80=A6.. enough money, we would travel more =
often.
Exercise=E2=80=A6 : Exercise=E2=80=A6 What would =
you do if it rained next=20
July? If I knew his number, I would give him a call. If there were less =
cars on=20
the road, there would be less pollution. If I had more spare time, I =
would join=20
the football team. If we had enough money, we would travel more often.=20
Third Conditional: no possibility : Third =
Conditional: no=20
possibility Third conditional talks about the past. We talk about a =
condition in=20
the past that did not happen. The third conditional is also like a =
dream, but=20
with no possibility of the dream coming true. I probably would have =
passed the=20
exam if I had studied harder.
Use=E2=80=A6. : Use=E2=80=A6. We use WOULD HAVE + =
past participial The=20
important thing about the third conditional is that both the condition =
and=20
result are impossible now. Sometimes, we use should have, could have, =
might have=20
instead of would have, for example: If you had bought a lottery ticket, =
you=20
might have won.
Third Conditional examples: : Third Conditional =
examples: If=20
I had won the lottery I would have bought a car. If I had seen Hathu, I =
would=20
have told her. If they had not passed the exam, their class teacher =
would have=20
been sad. I would have bought a car, if I had won the lottery. I would =
have told=20
her, if I had seen her.
Exercise : Exercise Use Would have or had If he =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 asked me,=20
I =E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6.... done it. Naash =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. come if it =E2=80=A6... been =
Thursday but it=E2=80=99s on=20
Wednesday. If I =E2=80=A6.. seen him in the office, I =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6.. told him to call you. He=20
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6. said yes, if you =E2=80=A6.. asked him. =
Exercise : Exercise Use Would have or had If he =
had asked=20
me, I would have done it. Naash would have come if it had been Thursday =
but it=E2=80=99s=20
on Wednesday. If I had seen him in the office, I would have told him to =
call=20
you. He would have said yes, if you had asked him.
Conditionals summary : Conditionals summary =
THANK YOU=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6 : THANK =
YOU=E2=80=A6=E2=80=A6